Strabismus
Strabismus, also referred to as crossed eyes, deviation, heterotropia, squint, or tropia, is a condition where the eyes fail to align toward the same object. The six muscles surrounding the eye do not coordinate effectively, preventing both eyes from focusing on the same point. Consequently, one eye fixates on one object while the other turns in a separate direction. This misalignment sends two distinct images, one from each eye, to the brain, leading to confusion. Over time, the brain may disregard the image from the weaker eye.
While strabismus commonly manifests in childhood, it can also develop later in life. Its primary indication is an eye that deviates from the straight gaze, often accompanied by symptoms like impaired depth perception or double vision in adults.
To diagnose strabismus, a comprehensive eye examination is conducted, incorporating tests to assess the degree of misalignment, such as corneal light reflex, cover/uncover test, retinal examination, standard ophthalmic exam, and visual acuity assessment.
Treatment approaches for strabismus may involve the use of eyeglasses, patching, eye coordination exercises (orthoptics), and/or corrective surgery on the eye muscles. Initially, eyeglasses, with or without patching, are often prescribed to reduce the extent of deviation.
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